-
1 παρακαλέω
παρακαλέω impf. παρεκάλουν; fut. παρακαλέσω LXX; 1 aor. παρεκάλεσα. Pass.: 1 fut. παρακληθήσομαι; 1 aor. παρεκλήθην; pf. παρακέκλημαι (Aeschyl., Hdt.+).① to ask to come and be present where the speaker is, call to one’s sideⓐ τινά w. inf. foll., to indicate the purpose of the call; so perh. παρεκάλεσα ὑμᾶς ἰδεῖν I have summoned you to see you Ac 28:20 (but s. 3 below).ⓑ invite τινά someone w. inf. foll. (this can be supplied fr. context) παρεκάλει αὐτὸν εἰσελθεῖν εἰς τὸν οἶκον Lk 8:41. παρεκάλει αὐτόν (i.e. εἰσελθεῖν) 15:28 (but s. 5 below). παρεκάλεσεν τὸν Φίλιππον καθίσαι Ac 8:31 (cp. Jos., Ant. 12, 172). The content of the invitation follows in direct discourse 9:38; introduced by λέγουσα 16:15. Cp. ἀνὴρ Μακεδών τις ἦν παρακαλῶν αὐτὸν καὶ λέγων … βοήθησον ἡμῖν vs. 9. Pass., w. inf. foll. παρακληθέντες δειπνῆσαι when you are invited to dine Mt 20:28 D.—Some of the passages in 5 may fit here.ⓒ summon to one’s aid, call upon for help (Hdt. et al.) so esp. of God, upon whom one calls in time of need (Thu. 1, 118, 3; Pla., Leg. 2, 666b; 11 p. 917b; X., Hell. 2, 4, 17; Epict. 3, 21, 12; Jos., Ant. 6, 25; SIG 1170, 30f in an account of a healing: περὶ τούτου παρεκάλεσα τὸν θεόν. POxy 1070, 8f [III A.D.] τὸν μέγαν θεὸν Σάραπιν παρακαλῶ περὶ τῆς ζωῆς ὑμῶν; cp. the restoration in the pap letter of Zoilus, servant of Sarapis, in Dssm., LO 121, 11 [LAE 153, 4; the letter, ln. 8: ἐμοῦ δ̣ὲ̣ π[α]ρ̣[ακαλέσαντος τὸν θεὸν Σάραπιν]) τινά: τὸν πατέρα μου Mt 26:53. ὑπὲρ τούτου τὸν κύριον παρεκάλεσα, ἵνα 2 Cor 12:8. θεὸς … παρακαλούμενος ἀκούει God heeds, when called upon AcPt Ox 849, 27.② to urge strongly, appeal to, urge, exhort, encourage (X. et al.; LXX) w. acc. of pers. Ac 16:40; 2 Cor 10:1; 1 Th 2:12 (but s. 5 below); 5:11; Hb 3:13; ITr 12:2; IRo 7:2. The acc. is found in the immediate context Ac 20:1; 1 Ti 5:1 (but s. 5 below). Pass. 1 Cor 14:31. τινὰ λόγῳ πολλῷ someone with many words Ac 20:2; also τινὰ διὰ λόγου πολλοῦ 15:32. τινὰ διʼ ὀλίγων γραμμάτων IPol 7:3. W. acc. of pers. and direct discourse 1 Cor 4:16; 1 Th 5:14; Hb 13:22; 1 Pt 5:1; direct discourse introduced by λέγων (B-D-F §420) Ac 2:40. W. acc. of pers. and inf. foll. (SIG 695, 43 [129 B.C.]) 11:23; 27:33f; Ro 12:1 (EKäsemann, Gottesdienst im Alltag, ’60 [Beih. ZNW], 165–71); 15:30; 16:17; 2 Cor 2:8; 6:1; Eph 4:1; Phil 4:2; Tit 2:6; 1 Pt 2:11 (cp. Phlegon: 257 Fgm. 36 II, 4 Jac. p. 1172, 19; ELohse, ZNW 45, ’54, 68–89); Jd 3 (the acc. is found in the immediate context, as Philo, Poster Cai. 138); ITr 6:1; IPhld 8:2; IPol 1:2a; Pol 9:1 al. W. inf. (acc. in the context), continued by καὶ ὅτι (s. B-D-F §397, 6; Rob. 1047) Ac 14:22. W. acc. of pers. and ἵνα foll. (PRyl 229, 17 [38 A.D.]; EpArist 318; Jos., Ant. 14, 168.—B-D-F §392, 1c; Rob. 1046) 1 Cor 1:10; 16:15f; 2 Cor 8:6; 1 Th 4:1 (π. w. ἐρωτάω as BGU 1141, 10; POxy 294, 29) 2 Th 3:12; Hm 12, 3, 2; AcPl Ha 7, 32. The ἵνα-clause expresses not the content of the appeal, as in the pass. referred to above, but its aim: πάντας παρακαλεῖν, ἵνα σῴζωνται IPol 1:2b.—Without acc. of pers.: w. direct discourse foll. ὡς τοῦ θεοῦ παρακαλοῦντος διʼ ἡμῶν• δεόμεθα since God as it were makes his appeal through us: ‘We beg’ 2 Cor 5:20. Paul serves as God’s agent (like a ‘legate of Caesar’ Dssm. LO 320 [LAE 374]) and functions as mediator (like Alexander the Great, Plut., Mor. 329c διαλλακτής; cp. also the mediatorial role of a judge IPriene 53, esp. 10f; s. also CBreytenbach, Versöhnung ’89, 64–66). W. inf. foll. 1 Ti 2:1. Abs. Ro 12:8 (mng. 4 is also poss.); 2 Ti 4:2; Tit 1:9; Hb 10:25; 1 Pt 5:12 (w. ἐπιμαρτυρεῖν); B 19:10.—W. acc. of thing impress upon someone, urge, exhort πολλὰ ἕτερα Lk 3:18. ταῦτα δίδασκε καὶ παρακάλει 1 Ti 6:2. ταῦτα λάλει καὶ παρακάλει καὶ ἔλεγχε Tit 2:15. In the case of several of the passages dealt with in this section, it is poss. that they could as well be classed under③ to make a strong request for someth., request, implore, entreat (H. Gk.: Polyb., Diod S, Epict., Plut., ins, pap, LXX, EpArist, Philo; Jos., Ant. 6, 143; 11, 338) w. acc. of pers. Mt 8:5; 18:32; Mk 1:40; 2 Cor 12:18. πολλά implore urgently (4 Macc 10:1) Mk 5:23. τινὰ περί τινος someone concerning someone or for someone Phlm 10 (for the constr. w. περί cp. POxy 1070, 8). Acc. w. direct discourse foll. (s. BGU 846, 10 παρακαλῶ σαι [= σε], μήτηρ• διαλλάγηθί μοι; PGiss 12, 4; ParJer 1:4 al.), introduced w. λέγων: Mt 8:31; 18:29; Mk 5:12; Lk 7:4 (v.l. ἠρώτων). W. acc. of pers. and inf. foll. (PTebt 12, 21 [II B.C.]; 1 Macc 9:35; Jos., Ant. 6, 25) Mk 5:17; cp. Ac 19:31. Pass. Ac 28:14. W. acc. of pers. (easily supplied fr. the context, if not expressed) and ὅπως foll. (Plut., Demetr. 907 [38, 11]; SIG 563, 4; 577, 44f [200/199 B.C.]; UPZ 109, 9 [98 B.C.]; PFlor 303, 3; 4 Macc 4:11; Jos., Ant. 13, 76) Mt 8:34 (v.l. ἵνα); Ac 25:2; IEph 3:2. W. acc. of pers. and ἵνα foll. (Epict. 2, 7, 11; PRyl 229, 17; EpArist 318.—B-D-F §392, 1c; Rob. 1046) Mt 14:36; Mk 5:18; 6:56; 7:32; 8:22; Lk 8:31f; 2 Cor 9:5. πολλά τινα, ἵνα beg someone earnestly to (cp. TestNapht 9:1) Mk 5:10; 1 Cor 16:12. W. acc. of pers. and μή w. subj. foll. IRo 4:1. W. acc. and inf. foll. Ac 24:4; pass. 13:42 (Just., D. 58, 1). Foll. by subst. inf. w. acc. (B-D-F §400, 7; 409, 5; Rob. 1068; 1085) 21:12. παρεκάλεσα ὑμᾶς ἰδεῖν I have requested to be permitted to see you 28:20 (but s. 1a above). Abs., but in such a way that the acc. is easily restored fr. the context Phlm 9 (ParJer 9:4; Just., D. 46, 2; 74, 2 [always παρακαλῶ ‘please’]; cp. New Docs 8 p. 24 ln. 7 [I B.C.]).④ to instill someone with courage or cheer, comfort, encourage, cheer up (Plut., Otho 1074 [16, 2]; Gen 37:35; Ps 118:50; Job 4:3) w. acc. of pers. (Sir 48:24; Jos., Bell. 1, 667; TestReub 4:4) 2 Cor 1:4b; 7:6a; 1 Cl 59:4; B 14:9 (Is 61:2); Hm 8:10. παρακαλεῖν τινα ἔν τινι comfort someone with someth. 2 Cor 7:6b. π. τινα ἐπί τινι comfort someone w. regard to someth. 1:4a. π. τινα ὑπέρ τινος encourage someone in someth. 1 Th 3:2. παρακαλεῖτε ἀλλήλους ἐν τοῖς λόγοις τούτοις comfort one another w. these words 4:18.—Pass. be comforted, receive comfort through words, or a favorable change in the situation Mt 5:4; Lk 16:25; Ac 20:12; 2 Cor 1:6; 7:13; 13:11; let oneself be comforted Mt 2:18 (Jer 38:15 v.l.). παρεκλήθημεν ἐφʼ ὑμῖν we have been comforted concerning you 1 Th 3:7. ἐν τῇ παρακλήσει ᾗ παρεκλήθη ἐφʼ ὑμῖν 2 Cor 7:7. διά τῆς παρακλήσεως, ἧς (on attraction, for ᾗ, s. B-D-F §294, 2; Rob. 716) παρακαλούμεθα αὐτοί by the comfort with which we ourselves are comforted 1:4c.—W. acc. of thing τὰς καρδίας Eph 6:22; Col 4:8; 2 Th 2:17; pass. Col 2:2.—Abs. 2 Cor 2:7; Ro 12:8 (but s. 2 above). παρακαλεῖν ἐν τῇ διδασκαλίᾳ encourage (others) with the teaching Tit 1:9.—ἐλθόντες παραεκάλεσαν αὐτούς (the officials) came and reassured them Ac 16:39 (s. 5 below).⑤ In several places παρ. appears to mean simply treat someone in an inviting or congenial manner, someth. like our ‘be open to the other, have an open door’: invite in, conciliate, be friendly to or speak to in a friendly manner (cp. 2 Macc 13:23; Ar. 15, 5 [χριστιανοὶ] τοὺς ἀδικοῦντας αὐτοὺς παρακαλοῦσιν) Lk 15:28 (but s. 1b: the father tries repeatedly [impf.] to get the son to join the party); Ac 16:39 (the officials are conciliatory, but ‘apologize to’ may be overinterpretation; s. 4); 1 Cor 4:13 (somewhat like our ‘keep the door open’); 1 Th 2:12; 1 Ti 5:1. These last three pass. may also fit in 1b.—CBjerkelund, Parakalō ’67.—M-M. EDNT. TW. -
2 εὔθυμος
εὔθυμος, ον (s. prec. and next entry; Hom. et al.) cheerful, in good spirits (Pind., Pla. et al.; Sb 6222, 10; 2 Macc 11:26; Jos., Bell. 1, 272, Ant. 14, 369) εὔθυμοι γενόμενοι πάντες they were all encouraged Ac 27:36. εὔθυμόν τινα ποιεῖν encourage someone Hm 8:10. Comp. εὐθυμότερος (OGI 669, 7 [I A.D.]; POxy 939, 19; Philo, De Jos. 162; 198) εὐθυμότερον γίνεσθαι IPol 7:1.—M-M. -
3 παροξυσμός
παροξυσμός, οῦ, ὁ (παρόξυνω; Demosth. et al.; LXX)① rousing to activity, stirring up, provoking (so the verb παροξύνω in act. and pass.; X., Mem. 3, 3, 13 πρὸς τὰ καλά, Oec. 13, 9; Isocr., Ad Demonic. 46) εἰς π. ἀγάπης for encouragement in love, i.e. to encourage someone in love Hb 10:24.② a state of irritation expressed in argument, sharp disagreement (‘irritation, exasperation’: Demosth. 45, 14; Ael. Aristid. 37 p. 709 D.; 52 p. 600; Dt 29:27; Jer 39:37) ἐγένετο π. a sharp disagreement arose Ac 15:39.③ a severe fit of a disease, attack of fever, esp. at its high point: convulsion (Hippocr., Aph. 1, 11; 12; 2, 13; Galen XIII p. 210; Artem. 3, 56; PTebt 272, 6.—Hobart 233) IPol 2:1.—DELG s.v. ὀξύς. M-M. TW. -
4 παρακελεύω
παρακελεύω 1 aor. παρεκέλευσα (as a mid. dep. Hdt. et al.; pap; Pr 9:16; EpArist, Philo; Jos., Ant. 12, 300; Just., A I, 4, 7; 16, 5.—The act. Hippocr. et al.; Plut., Mor. 195a; Appian, Bell. Civ. 5, 89 §372; 4 Macc 5:2) to urge strongly, encourage, exhort τινά someone (Polyb. 16, 20, 8) IMg 14. -
5 προτρέπω
προτρέπω in our lit. only mid. (so Hom.+; the prefix focuses on forward motion) 1 aor. προετρεψάμην; 2 aor. pass. 3 sg. προετράπη (ApcrEzk) to promote a particular course of action, urge (on), encourage, impel, persuade (Soph. et al.) τινά someone w. inf. foll. (Hyperid. 6, 24; UPZ 110, 165 [164 B.C.]; PRyl 77, 48; BGU 164, 17; 450, 15; 2 Macc 11:7; Jos., Ant. 12, 166; Just., D. 106, 1) 1 Cl 34:4. Abs. (Jos., Ant. 5, 171; 7, 262) Ac 18:27.—M-M. Spicq. -
6 σωφρονίζω
σωφρονίζω (σώφρων) fut. 2 sg. σωφρονίσεις Is 38:16 Aq. (Eur., Thu. et al.; Philo; Jos., Bell. 2, 493) ‘bring to one’s senses’ τινά someone (Demosth. 25, 93; Dio Chrys. 17 [34], 49; Maximus Tyr. 30, 5g; Mitt-Wilck. I/2, 20 IV, 11; Jos., Ant. 5, 256, Bell. 3, 445; 4, 119), to instruct in prudence or behavior that is becoming and shows good judgment, encourage, advise, urge (s. GGerhard, Phoinix v. Kolophon 1909, 35ff) w. acc. and inf. foll. ἵνα σωφρονίζωσιν τὰς νέας φιλάνδρους εἶναι Tit 2:4.—DELG s.v. σῶς. M-M. TW. Spicq. -
7 ἐπιρρώννυμι
ἐπιρρώννυμι impf. ἐπερρώννυον; aor. pass. 3 pl. ἐπερρώσθησαν (s. ῥώννυμι; Soph., Hdt. et al.; PSI 452, 26; 2 Macc 11:9) to cause to be emboldened, strengthen, encourage τὴν δειλίαν τινός strengthen someone, fearful though the person may be MPol 3, 1.
См. также в других словарях:
don't encourage someone — don’t encourage someone phrase used for telling other people that you think that someone is being silly Thesaurus: ways of saying someone is stupid or sillysynonym Main entry: encourage … Useful english dictionary
don't encourage someone — used for telling other people that you think that someone is being silly … English dictionary
encourage */*/*/ — UK [ɪnˈkʌrɪdʒ] / US verb [transitive] Word forms encourage : present tense I/you/we/they encourage he/she/it encourages present participle encouraging past tense encouraged past participle encouraged 1) to suggest that someone does something that … English dictionary
encourage — en|cour|age [ ın kʌrıdʒ ] verb transitive *** 1. ) to suggest that someone does something that you believe would be good: We encourage student participation in our classes. encourage someone to do something: Mom always encouraged us to discuss… … Usage of the words and phrases in modern English
encourage — [[t]ɪnkʌ̱rɪʤ, AM kɜ͟ːr [/t]] ♦♦ encourages, encouraging, encouraged 1) VERB If you encourage someone, you give them confidence, for example by letting them know that what they are doing is good and telling them that they should continue to do it … English dictionary
encourage — en|cour|age W1S2 [ınˈkʌrıdʒ US ınˈkə:r ] v [T] 1.) to give someone the courage or confidence to do something ≠ ↑discourage ▪ I want to thank everyone who has encouraged and supported me. encourage sb to do sth ▪ Cooder was encouraged to begin… … Dictionary of contemporary English
encourage*/*/*/ — [ɪnˈkʌrɪdʒ] verb [T] 1) to try to persuade someone to do something that you believe would be good Ant: discourage We encourage student participation in our classes.[/ex] Mum always encouraged us to discuss our problems.[/ex] 2) to provide… … Dictionary for writing and speaking English
encourage — 01. My parents have always [encouraged] me to do my best. 02. My wife gave me a lot of [encouragement] when I was writing my first book. 03. Women fleeing an abusive relationship are [encouraged] to contact the Ministry of Human Resources for… … Grammatical examples in English
encourage — verb 1) the players were encouraged by the crowd s response Syn: hearten, cheer, buoy up, uplift, inspire, motivate, spur on, stir, stir up, fire up, stimulate, invigorate, vitalize, revitalize, embolden, fortify, rally … Thesaurus of popular words
encourage — verb (T) 1 to say or do something that helps someone have the courage or confidence to do something: Haldene encouraged him in his work. | encourage sb to do sth: Patricia encouraged me to apply for the job. 2 to make something more likely to… … Longman dictionary of contemporary English
bring someone on — encourage someone who is learning to develop or improve. → bring … English new terms dictionary
